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China Resources (Holdings) Co., Ltd. (“CR” or “China Resources Group”) is a diversified holding company registered in Hong Kong. CR was first established as “Liow & Co.” in Hong Kong in 1938, and was later restructured and renamed as China Resources Company in 1948. In 1952, instead of being affiliated to the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, it came under the Central Trade Department (now known as the Ministry of Commerce). In 1983, it was again restructured into China Resources (Holdings) Co., Ltd. In December 1999, CR was no longer linked to the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, and came under state management. In 2003, under the direct supervision of SASAC, it became one of the key state-owned enterprises.